Project Case

A successful case of wasteland restoration - improvement of saline-alkali land

I. Primitive Landforms

Land resources have been severely damaged. The phenomena of land desertification, alkalization and salinization are increasingly aggravated, resulting in a significant reduction in the self-regulation ability of the agricultural ecological environment and the disruption of the natural ecological balance.

II. Soil conditions after improvement

After the first year of improvement, engineering measures such as field leveling, application of chemical amendments combined with land rotary tillage, and horizontal pulping were taken to reduce the degree of soil salinization and pH value in the project area. Organic matter materials were applied to increase soil organic matter content and improve soil fertility; The coverage rate has significantly increased.

After the second year of improvement, after testing, all values significantly increased, improving the water and fertilizer retention capacity of cultivated land and effectively increasing crop yields.

III. Technical Route

IV.Technical principle

1. Soil improvement: Improvement measures include the application of soil conditioners and active soil conditioning agents.

The mechanism of action of soil conditioners:

  (1)Significantly increase the organic matter and nutrient content in the soil

  (2) Continuously reduce the soil pH value and degree of alkalization

  (3) Rapidly promote the coagulation of soil colloids

The mechanism of action of the living soil conditioner:

  (1) Promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, strongly activate the soil, and balance soil pH

  (2) Significantly enhance soil activity and effectively prevent dead seedlings and rotten plants

  (3) Effectively degrade pesticide, chemical fertilizer and herbicide residues, and improve fertilizer utilization rate

  (4) Effectively enhance the capabilities of disease resistance, drought resistance, flood resistance, heat resistance, cold resistance and premature aging resistance

2. Soil fertility improvement: It mainly involves the application of stable organic materials and multi-functional nutrient regulatory substances, with the core being to enhance the content of soil organic matter and available nutrients.

(1)Stable organic materials are selected from high-quality powdered organic matter and other materials. Through the interaction effect with soil conditioners, they can influence soil aggregate structure, microbial population and activity, soil nutrient retention capacity and buffering capacity, etc., which plays a decisive role in the growth and yield improvement of crops.

(2) Organic matter can effectively promote the formation of soil aggregate structure. Promoting the survival of soil biological agents, enhancing the soil's ability to retain nutrients and water, effectively achieving the formation of the tillage layer in saline-alkali land, promoting the "three-phase" balance of the soil, effectively improving soil porosity and aeration, and improving soil structure, is an important substance for preventing soil compaction.

V. Implementation Plan

1. Construction of water conservancy field projects

First, the entire area is planned and designed. The design and construction are carried out in light of the soil characteristics of saline-alkali land, which is easily soluble when exposed to water and prone to cracking when water dries up. This facilitates field management and the operation of modern agricultural machinery. A single-row and single-irrigation design is adopted to ensure smooth water supply and drainage, reduce subsequent maintenance, and meet the needs of rice cultivation. The company has developed a dedicated sleeved water hose, which has completely solved the problem of water scouring on the channels, avoided the collapse of the channels caused by the water-soluble property of saline-alkali soil, reduced water evaporation, decreased water consumption, and reduced the labor input for water monitoring.

2. Soil improvement

The base is a typical severe soda saline-alkali land. After applying the special conditioner, both the pH value and salt content have significantly decreased, increasing soil organic matter, changing the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and weakening the planting layer, reaching the growth index range of rice.

3. Precise fertilization

A comprehensive soil test was conducted on the base. During the growth process of rice, modern Internet of Things technology was used to detect the rice plants and upload the data. The nutrient requirements for the growth of rice were analyzed, and precise fertilization was carried out to ensure the yield without wasting fertilizer.

4. Organic rice and ecological green integrated farming and breeding technology

Improving the soil is suitable for rice cultivation, and at the same time, further improving the saline-alkali land through rice cultivation.

(1) Rice seedling raising adopts soilless seedling raising, which eliminates the damage to the surface layer of other soils caused by the excavation of seedbed soil. Meanwhile, the substrate contains no soil but only high-temperature treated natural minerals and decomposed straw, thus preventing the occurrence of grass seed and soil-borne diseases. Organic fertilizers and additional bacterial agents are used as fertilizers, and no herbicides or pesticides are applied throughout the process.

(2) Control of weeds, pests and diseases: In some green fields, chemical control is adopted in accordance with national standards. A combined farming approach of duck and crab farming is adopted to establish a green ecological chain. Ducks and crabs are used for biological weeding and pest control, and pure biological agents and bacterial agents are used to control diseases, thus avoiding the use of pesticides.

(3) The application of organic fertilizers involves soil testing and formula fertilization. A large amount of organic fertilizers are applied during both improvement and planting processes to enhance soil fertility without causing soil pollution, which is conducive to long-term healthy and stable development.

5. Variety testing

By utilizing the excellent variety resources in Jilin Province and collaborating with the team of Academician Yuan Longping, more than 40 rice varieties were experimentally planted to provide excellent varieties for future development.

6. Intelligent improvement

By utilizing integrated application computer and network technology, Internet of Things technology, audio and video technology, and big data technology, a set of intelligent management methods such as agricultural visualization remote diagnosis and control, disaster warning, etc. has been established, which integrates contingency plans, videos, images, geographical locations, and hardware equipment between channels. Through the integration of software and hardware products and the comprehensive application of multiple technologies such as information collection, transmission, processing, and release, a smart improvement mode has been achieved, which realizes the automation and intelligence of saline alkali land improvement and improves the management efficiency of agricultural production.

VI.  Improvement effect

1. Comparison of indicators before and after improvement:

(1) Significant decrease in soil pH and total salt content

(2) The organic matter content in the soil has significantly increased, and the soil fertility continues to recover

(3) Significant improvement in nutrient indicators such as total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in the soil

(4) The soil was not suitable for planting before improvement, and there was basically no yield. After improvement, it can reach a grade of 10 arable land.

2. Other indicators

After testing by a third-party organization, the improved soil meets the requirements of crop growth for soil physical and chemical properties, and does not cause pollution to the soil and environment.

The improved soil heavy metal detection indicators fully comply with the basic limit standards of the National Soil Environmental Quality Standards GB15618-2008 for agricultural land and GB15168-2015 for farmland soil environmental quality standards.

VII. Improvement and innovation points

1. Through the implementation of the integrated technology model for improving the spatial-temporal fertilization, an integrated technology system based on multi-objective optimization has been created for rapid fertilization and capacity enhancement of saline alkali land. A symbiotic system of "water resource balance irrigation and drainage coordinated salt discharge crop production optimization agricultural capacity enhancement" has been established, providing a replicable and easy to promote technology model for the improvement and efficient utilization of soda saline alkali land.

2. Improving products can reduce the harm of fluoride in soil and rice while lowering pH, reducing alkalinity, and promoting colloid aggregation.

VIII. Conclusion

Saline alkali land improvement is the transformation, development, and utilization of saline alkali land resources, which will bring enormous social, economic, and environmental benefits to society. Utilizing our company's saline alkali land improvement technology for soil improvement, land leveling, scientific planning, and improved infrastructure, the improved soil pH value, total salt content, and organic matter content are key indicators suitable for local crop cultivation, and have the conditions for developing modern organic agriculture production without causing pollution to the soil and environment. And it can achieve governance, success, and high yield in the same year, with mature technology, considerable benefits, replicable and promotable, and broad application prospects.

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